She also looked for resulting damage in the skin cells. She imaged the skin at varying depths after ultraviolet exposure, looking for fluorescent tags that would reveal the presence of free radicals. But she added "many important questions remain, such as in which layers of the skin, and in which parts of skin cells, the initial damage occurs." To study the effects of ultraviolet radiation on free radical generation and the role this plays in skin damage, Hanson employed a two-photon laser fluorescence-imaging microscope. and said that the addition of antioxidants in the skin can help prevent skin cancer and keep skin firm and young looking. "Ultraviolet radiation is known to cause several forms of skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell cancer and deadly melanoma". Kerry Hanson, a postdoctoral research scientist in the University of Illinois's Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamic developed a technique to peer into the skin and study how it is affected by ultraviolet radiation. Chemistry of sunscreens boosted with antioxidants Physical sunscreens therefore provide much better anti-aging benefits than chemical sunscreens because physical screens eliminate much of the secondary free radical damage that can result from sun exposure. This is predominantly why dermatologists will recommend that sunscreen formulas include either titanium dioxide or zinc oxide physical screens, or a combination of both, for superior sun protection. The creation of free radicals is thus minimized. Hence also, there is no chemical reaction. Physical sunscreens, such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, work by reflecting the photons of light up and away from the skin so there is no absorption of energy. They prevent a larger degree of the initial sun damage but allow secondary free radical damage, which not only adds to the speed of the skin aging process, but damages your DNA and potentially causes skin cancer. Subsequently, chemical sunscreens are not the most complete or effective form of sun protection. ![]() This still results in chemical reactions and the process generates free radicals that produce the same type of secondary free radical damage that unprotected sun exposure produces. When this energy is absorbed, the molecules of the sunscreen are destroyed, rather than a skin component. while allowing Vit D creation through the skinĬhemical sunscreens protect the skin by absorbing the light particles (photons).preventing harmful UV-A and UV-B rays from damaging the skin.Successful formulas require the chemistry of sunscreens to focus on two key things:
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